Concord Grapes and Cognitive Health
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چکیده
Oxidative stress, caused by free radicals in the body, can have a damaging effect on the brain.12 The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage because of its high use of oxygen relative to its size and few antioxidant defense systems, among other factors.12 Oxidative damage can affect enzymatic activities in many proteins including glutamine synthetase, which converts glutamate to glutamine. Glutamate is neurotoxic, and thus a buildup of this amino acid can be harmful. In the brain, oxidative damage affects important neurochemical processes such as dopamine synthesis.12 Polyphenols help neutralize free radicals and thus may help to combat the effects of oxidative stress.
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